Massachusetts’ historical achievements in bold and innovative health care policy have positioned the state as a national leader in transforming health care coverage, access, affordability, and quality. Yet despite decades of progress, the COVID-19 pandemic made it impossible to ignore that not all Massachusetts residents are able to access, afford, or experience health care equally.

In early 2022, anticipating the election of a new governor and slate of legislative leaders, the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation in partnership with Manatt Health solicited perspectives on health reform priorities from a broad and diverse group of health care stakeholders, including consumer, provider, health plan, business, and labor representatives. This report synthesizes the findings from these stakeholder interviews, describing five health care priorities for the new governor and legislative leaders to immediately pursue: 1) addressing systemic racism and inequities in health; 2) ensuring consumer affordability of health care; 3) confronting the mental health crisis for children and youth; 4) improving the affordability of and access to long-term services and supports (LTSS); and 5) solving severe health care workforce shortages, particularly in the paraprofessional LTSS and behavioral health workforce.

The report explores each theme in detail and identifies specific action steps incoming state leaders can take to address these challenges. An accompanying executive summary and infographic provide a high-level overview that can be used by a wide audience. 

This report provides an analysis of the impacts of the enhanced premium subsidies for purchasing health insurance through the Marketplace, or Health Connector in Massachusetts, that the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) temporarily authorized through 2022. While Massachusetts already provided additional state-based financial assistance to many marketplace enrollees prior to ARPA, ARPA enhanced subsidies for some individuals and introduced a new cap on the amount anyone purchasing through the Marketplace has to pay in premiums, effectively expanding eligibility for subsidies to purchase health insurance.

The Build Back Better Act that passed the House of Representatives and is currently stalled in the Senate would extend these subsidies through 2025. In this brief, we evaluate the coverage and cost effects of extending the enhanced subsidies in Massachusetts in 2023. The estimates suggest that, if extended, the enhanced subsidies would:

• reduce the number of people who are uninsured in Massachusetts by 8,000 people;
• reduce household spending on premiums for people who purchase subsidized coverage through the Health Connector; and
• save the state an estimated $133 million in spending on ConnectorCare subsidies in 2023.

The report provides a more detailed look at each of these effects and is intended to be a resource for health care advocates, policymakers, and other stakeholders to understand the impact of these subsidies expiring.

In response to the health and economic damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) in March 2021, which makes $1.9 trillion available to individuals, states and territories, counties, cities, community organizations, educational institutions, and other entities. Some funds are intended to shore up or even expand programs and agencies that have been depleted during the pandemic, while other funds are designated or available to create new programs. ARPA contains many health-related provisions, with particular focus on behavioral health services (inclusive of mental health and substance use care), the health care workforce, and programs that make health insurance coverage and health care available to more people. This summary focuses on the key components of ARPA that will affect health care in Massachusetts.

This collection of materials is the latest in a series by the Urban Institute summarizing the findings from the 2018 Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS). The Foundation began conducting the MHRS in fall 2006 to support the evaluation of Massachusetts’ 2006 health care reform bill. The survey has been fielded periodically since 2006 – most recently in spring 2018 – to monitor key measures pertaining to health insurance coverage and health care access and affordability among non-elderly adults (ages 19-64) in Massachusetts. For the first time in 2018, the MHRS included several questions pertaining to access to care for mental health (MH) and substance use disorder (SUD) services.

The 2018 MHRS highlights the state’s ongoing success at maintaining near-universal health insurance coverage since the passage of Massachusetts’ 2006 health care reform law. However, the survey’s core measures demonstrate that opportunities for improvements in access to and affordability of health care for the state’s residents remain and the new questions on MH/SUDs highlight the significant barriers to care and gaps in access to care faced by those seeking MH/SUD services. The survey findings are a reminder that the goals of health care reform are not fully achieved by simply reducing the number of people who are uninsured. New strategies are needed to improve access to care and reduce the burden of health care costs for Massachusetts adults and their families, particularly for the most vulnerable.

Findings from the 2018 MHRS were featured at a Foundation event held on December 11, 2018. Click here to learn more about the event.

This year’s results are presented in a variety of publications including:

The Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation, on behalf of the Massachusetts Coalition for Coverage and Care, funded a state-level analysis on the impact of the American Health Care Act (AHCA) on Massachusetts focused on 2022, when the law would be fully phased in.

Created by the Urban Institute’s Health Policy Center, this analysis uses state-level cost and coverage data from MassHealth (the state’s Medicaid program), the Massachusetts Health Connector Authority, and the Center for Health Information and Analysis. It is believed to be the first published study of the bill’s impact on an individual state.

Chapter 58 of the Acts of 2006—“An Act Providing Access To Affordable, Quality, Accountable Health Care”—was signed into law by Governor Mitt Romney on April 12, 2006. The groundbreaking law sought near-universal health care coverage for the residents of Massachusetts by expanding Medicaid, creating a new program of subsidized insurance, enacting changes to the health insurance market, and requiring adults to have health insurance unless an affordable option was not available.

As we mark the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Chapter 58’s enactment, this fact sheet, prepared by Kelly Love and Robert Seifert of the Center for Health Law and Economics at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, presents a summary of the law’s effects, as reported in the many studies that have focused on Massachusetts’ reform. This high-level review summarizes the findings in various categories, including insurance coverage, access to care, health care utilization, and affordability for consumers. The authors also developed a full bibliography as a companion to the fact sheet.

This collection of reports and chart packs is the latest in a series by the Urban Institute analyzing the results of the Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS) which has been conducted most years since 2006, the year that Commonwealth enacted comprehensive health care reform. The 2015 MHRS, conducted  in the fall of 2015, provides an assessment of the state's efforts to improve the affordability of care and reduce health care spending through the cost containment legislation titled “An Act Improving the Quality of Health Care and Reducing Costs Through Increased Transparency, Efficiency and Innovation” (Chapter 224 of the Acts of 2012). It also assesses the impact of the federal Affordable Care Act (ACA) that began in January 2014.

The 2015 MHRS highlights sustained gains in health insurance coverage since the passage of Massachusetts’ 2006 health care reform law, as well as persistent gaps in health care access and affordability for many of those with insurance coverage. Low-income adults and those with health problems tend to be disproportionately impacted by these gaps. The survey findings are a reminder that the goals of health care reform are not fully achieved by simply reducing the number of people who are uninsured. New strategies are needed to improve access to care and reduce the burden of health care costs for Massachusetts families with insurance coverage, particularly for those made more vulnerable by limited resources and high health care needs.

This year’s results are presented in a variety of publications including:

• Summary
• Full narrative report
• Chart pack
• Infographic

In an effort to expand opportunities for researchers to understand the experience of Massachusetts consumers with accessing and affording health care, the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation will be making available a public use file of the 2015 survey as they did with the previous years’ surveys (i.e., 2006 – 2010, 2012-2013). The 2015 public use files will be available through the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research.

On Tuesday, April 19th, the Foundation hosted a webinar to review key findings from the 2015 Massachusetts Health Reform Survey with author Sharon Long of the Urban Institute. Click here to access the webinar slides.

Although Massachusetts has successfully achieved the lowest rate of uninsurance in the nation, thousands of individuals and families still live with the potential adverse health effects and financial impacts of not having health insurance. In 2015, an estimated 200,000 individuals in Massachusetts did not have health insurance coverage. This report, prepared by a team led by Michael Chin and Deborah Gurewich of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and Audrey Gasteier of the Commonwealth Health Insurance Connector Authority, summarizes the findings of a qualitative study in which 33 uninsured individuals were interviewed about their experience living without health insurance. Findings from this study can help to better understand the remaining barriers to coverage and inform future strategies aimed at reducing the number of uninsured in the state. The report concludes with the personal stories of five individuals who have experienced first-hand the challenges and consequences of being uninsured.

This report summarizes the results of a July 2015 poll conducted by a team led by Robert J. Blendon, Sc.D. of Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The poll was conducted to assess the perspectives of Massachusetts adults age 65 and over on the issues of affordability, access, and satisfaction with their health care coverage. The results show that while a large majority of seniors are satisfied with the health care they receive as patients, over one-quarter of older adults are dissatisfied with health care costs, and more than one in five report that it has gotten harder to pay for health care services or prescriptions drugs over the past five years. Both concerns are higher among seniors who report poor health or a disability.

There are almost one million seniors in Massachusetts and while most enjoy broad coverage and protection against the cost of many health care services through Medicare, they may also face significant gaps, finding themselves responsible for substantial deductibles, coinsurance and copayments. This report, prepared by Nancy Turnbull and Katherine Heflin of Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, reviews the many private and public coverage options available to seniors to supplement Medicare coverage. Using publicly available data from state and federal sources, this report examines recent trends and issues in private health insurance coverage and public programs to support payment of out-of-pocket costs for Medicare beneficiaries in Massachusetts.

In March 2010, President Obama signed The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which included significant changes impacting health insurance coverage across the United States. Although many elements of the ACA were based on Massachusetts’ health insurance reform, there were still many decisions and activities that Massachusetts needed to address in order to comply with the new federal Medicaid and health insurance marketplace requirements, most of which were required to be effective as of January 2014. This issue brief, prepared by Health Management Associates, focuses on the changes in eligibility, benefits, cost sharing (including premiums), and health plan options available to individuals receiving subsidized insurance in the Commonwealth before and after implementation of the ACA.

This report, prepared by Sharon Long and Thomas Dimmock of the Urban Institute, further analyzes the 2013 Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS) by comparing the experience of adults with public coverage to adults with employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) coverage across a number of access and affordability measures. Findings from the analysis show problems with access to care were more prevalent for adults with public coverage than for those with ESI. These disparities persist even after controlling for variations in health care needs and socioeconomic status between the two groups. The persistence of gaps in access to care for adults with public coverage raises concerns about systemic barriers to care within the Massachusetts health care system.

In conjunction with the full report, the authors developed a one-page summary highlighting key findings from the analysis.

In this issue brief, Patricia Boozang, Deborah Bachrach and Hailey Davis of Manatt Health Solutions, review the coverage and delivery system challenges that Massachusetts could address through sections 1331 (the Basic Health Program) and 1332 (Waivers for State Innovation) of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). This brief describes the federal requirements related to these sections of the law and identifies the options the Commonwealth could pursue to advance its coverage, fiscal, and policy priorities, including: improving affordability and ease of access to coverage for low-income residents, continuing the expansion of insurance coverage to hard-to-reach populations, and evaluating and revisiting policy decisions like the individual mandate to determine the best fit for Massachusetts.

In this report, Carol Gyurina, Jennifer Rosinkski and Robert Seifert of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, analyze several factors that help explain why health care affordability continues to be a challenge in Massachusetts, even after achieving near universal health insurance coverage. Beginning with an analysis of data largely collected through the Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS), the report provides an overview of the factors influencing health care affordability and summarizes the financial and access to care consequences for consumers struggling with health care costs. The remainder of the report is devoted to sharing the personal stories of four individuals in Massachusetts who have experienced first-hand the challenges and consequences of unmanageable health care costs.

Affordability Still a Challenge

This collection of reports and chart packs is the latest in a series by the Urban Institute analyzing the results of the Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS), which has been conducted annually since 2006. This round of the survey, which was fielded in the fall of 2013, was jointly funded by the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. These results provide a means for continuing to monitor the efforts in Massachusetts to sustain the coverage gains achieved through the 2006 health reform law. In addition, the 2013 MHRS provides a new baseline for assessing the impacts of the state's efforts to improve the affordability of care and reduce health care spending because it coincides with the first full year under the provisions of Chapter 224 of 2012 and precedes the roll-out of major changes under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) that began in January 2014. Findings show that while Massachusetts has maintained high levels of health insurance coverage and health care use, the cost of care continues to remain a significant burden, especially for low- and middle-income individuals and families.

This year’s results are presented in a variety of publications including:

• A five-page summary report;
• A full narrative report;
• A chart pack;
• A methodology report and a copy of the survey instrument.

In an effort to expand opportunities for researchers to understand the experience of Massachusetts consumers with accessing and affording health care, the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation will be making available a public use file of the 2013 surveys as they did with the previous years' surveys (i.e., 2006 - 2010, 2012). The 2012 public use files will be available through the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research.

This chartpack summarizes the impact of the 2006 Massachusetts health reform law. The chartpack gathers data from surveys and analyses by state government agencies including the Massachusetts Center for Health Information and Analysis, the Massachusetts Department of Revenue, and the Massachusetts Health Insurance Connector Authority, as well as highlights from health reform tracking surveys conducted by the Urban Institute. This document has been designed to support the use of the charts in slide presentations, and we encourage readers to use them. We plan to update this chartpack regularly.

Affordability Gap Remains Despite Coverage Gains

This collection of reports and chart packs is the latest in a series by the Urban Institute analyzing the results of the Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS), which has been conducted since 2006. This round of the survey, which was fielded in the fall of 2012, was jointly funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation. These results provide both a means for continuing to monitor the efforts in Massachusetts to sustain the coverage gains achieved through the 2006 health reform law and an important new baseline against which to assess the impact of the state’s efforts to improve the affordability of care and reduce health care spending. Findings show that while coverage and access to care remain strong in Massachusetts, health care costs continue to be a burden for many individuals and families.  

This year’s results are presented in a variety of publications including:

• a five page summary, including comparing Massachusetts to the nation
• a series of infographics focused on the following topics: coverage, changing patterns of care, medical debt;
• a policy brief analyzing the impact of health care costs in depth;
• a full report; and,
• a chart pack.

For those interested in learning more about the methodology of the survey, please see this report and this survey instrument tool.

The Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation will be making the complete survey results for all six years of the survey available for public use through the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research.

Findings from the survey were featured at a Foundation event on March 26, 2014. See materials from the event located here.

This report is the latest in a series by the Urban Institute analyzing the impact of the Massachusetts health reform law based on the Massachusetts Health Reform Survey (MHRS).  Findings show that that the remaining uninsured are disproportionately young, male, Hispanic, and non-citizens.  The data presented also show the geographic areas of the state with high numbers of uninsured children and non-elderly adults. Suggested outreach strategies to reach the remaining uninsured include targeting specific populations of uninsured individuals as well as specific geographic areas with higher rates and numbers of uninsured. Click here to view a one-page graphic with key findings from the report.

These fact sheets highlight the major implications of Massachusetts’s 2012 health care cost containment law, Chapter 224, for four key stakeholder groups:  hospitals, health plans, consumers, and clinicians. From increased data reporting requirements for hospitals and health plans, to greater cost transparency for consumers, Chapter 224 will have significant impacts on many aspects of the Massachusetts health care system in the years ahead.

For a comprehensive overview of the entire law, see the Foundation’s report: Summary of Chapter 224 of the Acts of 2012. For an in-depth look at the Medicaid provisions in the law, see the Foundation’s report: Chapter 224 of the Acts of 2012: Implications for MassHealth.

This poll – conducted in April and May 2012 by researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health – asked “sick” Massachusetts residents a series of questions related their perception of health care costs and quality in Massachusetts, the reasons for cost and quality problems, and their personal experience with cost and quality issues. The results showed that sick residents are very concerned about health care costs in Massachusetts, and some struggle with their own costs of care. Though respondents were less troubled by the quality of care in the state, there were indications of problems, especially around care coordination and communication. The poll was conducted in partnership with 90.9 WBUR and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.